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How to treat nausea and vomiting
Nausea is an uncomfortable stomach condition that often occurs before vomiting. Vomiting - forced voluntary or involuntary emptying ("ejection") of the contents of the stomach through the mouth. Nausea and vomiting do not occur just like that - there are always reasons for this. The Web MD website named them all, and also told what to do in such cases.
Material content
What may cause nausea or vomiting
Is vomiting harmful?
When to consult a doctor
Vomiting treatment
How to prevent nausea
How to prevent vomiting after I feel nauseous?
What may cause nausea or vomiting
Nausea and vomiting are not diseases, but they are symptoms of many conditions, such as:
seasickness
early stages of pregnancy (nausea occurs in approximately 50% -90% of pregnant women, vomiting in 25% -55%)
drug reaction
strong pain
emotional stress (e.g. fear)
gallbladder disease
food poisoning
infections (for example, "stomach flu")
overeating
reaction to some odors
heart attack
concussion or brain damage
a brain tumor
ulcer
some forms of cancer
bulimia or other psychological diseases
gastroparesis, or slow gastric emptying (a condition that can be observed in people with diabetes)
ingestion of toxins or excessive amounts of alcohol
The causes of vomiting vary with age. In children, vomiting usually occurs from a viral infection, food poisoning, milk allergy, motion sickness, overeating, coughing or blocking the intestines, as well as from diseases in which the child has a high fever. The cause of vomiting can also be indicated by the time when it occurred. For example, if nausea and vomiting occurs after eating, this may indicate gastritis, an ulcer, or bulimia.
Is vomiting harmful?
Vomiting is usually harmless, but this may be a sign of a more serious illness. Some examples of serious conditions that can lead to nausea or vomiting include concussion, meningitis (membrane membrane of the brain), obstruction of the intestines, appendicitis, and brain tumors.
Another problem associated with vomiting is dehydration. In adults, the risk of dehydration is less, since they can immediately detect the symptoms of this condition. But in children this problem is much more serious, especially if vomiting is combined with diarrhea. Adults caring for sick children should be aware of the visible signs of dehydration: dry lips and mouth, sunken eyes and rapid breathing or pulse. In infants, rare urination and a sunken fontanel (temechka) should alert you.
Periodic vomiting during pregnancy can lead to a serious illness, due to which the mother may develop an imbalance of fluid and minerals. It is dangerous both for a pregnant woman and for a child.
Very rarely, excessive vomiting can tear the tissues of the esophagus, in which case emergency medical attention is required.
When to consult a doctor
If, in addition to nausea and vomiting, you notice the following symptoms, urgently call a doctor:
nausea lasts more than a few days or if pregnancy is expected
if home treatment does not work, dehydration or trauma (e.g. head injury or infection) that may cause vomiting is present
adults should consult a doctor if diarrhea and vomiting lasts more than 24 hours, or if there are signs of dehydration
if a child under the age of six years of vomiting lasts more than a few hours, there is diarrhea, signs of dehydration appear, there is a fever, or if the child does not urinate within 4-6 hours
if a child older than six years of age, diarrhea combined with vomiting lasts more than 24 hours, there are signs of dehydration, there is a fever above 38 degrees, or the child does not urinate for six hours
there is blood in the vomit
severe headache or stiff neck
lethargy, confusion, or decreased alertness
severe abdominal pain
diarrhea
fast breathing or pulse
In these cases, you may need emergency medical care, so call a doctor.
Vomiting treatment
Treating vomiting (regardless of age or cause) involves drinking clear liquids and avoiding solid foods until vomiting has passed. If vomiting and diarrhea lasts more than 24 hours, an oral rehydration solution should be used to prevent and treat dehydration. Pregnant women who experience morning sickness may eat crackers before they get out of bed, or eat a high protein snack before bedtime (lean meat or cheese).
There are also prescription and over-the-counter drugs that can be used to control vomiting associated with pregnancy, motion sickness, and some forms of dizziness. However, consult your doctor before using any of these treatments.
How to prevent nausea
There are several ways to prevent nausea:
eat small meals throughout the day instead of three large meals
eat slowly
avoid hard to digest foods
consume food at cold or room temperature if you are sick of the smell of hot or warm foods
drink fluids between meals, not with meals
try to eat when you feel less nauseous
These simple methods will help you reduce nausea and avoid vomiting.
How to prevent vomiting after I feel nauseous?
If you start to feel sick, you can still avoid vomiting. To do this, drink sweetened, clear liquids, such as soda or fruit juices, in small sips (except for the juices of orange and grapefruit, because they are too acidic). Squat or lie down, do not be too active, as this can lead to vomiting.
To prevent nausea and vomiting in children, do not let them eat and play at the same time. If the children are rocking in the car, put them facing the front windshield and do not let them play video games and watch the phone - this can cause vomiting.
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