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Angina (tonsillitis) is an inflammation of the tonsils caused by a bacterial or viral infection. Despite the fact that it is common, many still do not know how to treat it and what needs to be done to alleviate the symptoms. What are the symptoms and consequences of this disease, how to treat sore throat? We will share tips and tell you about important facts of inflammation of the tonsils.

Material content

What is angina and why does it arise

Symptoms of a sore throat

When to call an ambulance with angina

How to treat sore throat with medication

How to treat tonsillitis with home remedies

When to remove tonsils with tonsillitis

What is angina and why does it arise

At the back of your throat, there are clusters of tissue called tonsils that act as filters, inhibiting the penetration of germs. If not for them, microbes would have entered the airways and caused an infection. They also produce antibodies to fight infection. But sometimes the tonsils themselves can become inflamed. Due to the accumulation of bacteria or the penetration of viruses, they swell and become inflamed - this disease is called acute tonsillitis (tonsillitis). The disease is common, especially in children.

In most cases, tonsillitis is caused by viruses, and only 15-30% of cases are caused by bacteria. Most cases of bacterial tonsillitis are associated with a bacterium called Streptococcus pyogenic, which is the most common cause of sore throat.

Other common causes include:

Adenoviruses

Flu virus

Epstein-Barr virus

Parainfluenza viruses

Enteroviruses

Herpes simplex virus

Angina is contagious if the cause is bacterial, and it can be contagious if the problem is in the viruses (depending on whether the person has previously been exposed to a particular virus).

Symptoms of a sore throat

The main symptoms of tonsillitis are inflammation and swelling of the tonsils, sometimes so strong that it blocks the airways. Other symptoms include:

Sore throat or sore

Tonsil redness

Tonsils white or yellow

Sore blisters or sore throats

Headache

Loss of appetite

Earache

Difficulty swallowing or breathing through the mouth

Inflammation of the lymph nodes in the neck

Fever, chills

Bad breath

In children, symptoms may also include:

Nausea

Vomiting

Abdominal pain

When to call an ambulance with angina

You should make an appointment with your doctor if you experience the following symptoms:

Temperature rise

Persistent sore or sore throat that does not go away within 24-48 hours

painful or difficult swallowing

fatigue

fussiness in infants and young children

swollen lymph nodes

Contact your GP immediately or call an ambulance if you have:

Severe sore throat, which quickly intensifies

Swelling in the mouth and throat

It's hard for you to talk

You have difficulty swallowing

You have difficulty breathing

You find it hard to open your mouth

These may be signs of a paratonsillar (peri-amindaline) abscess.

How to treat sore throat with medication

Treatment of angina will depend on the cause of its appearance. To determine the cause, the doctor can perform an express test for streptococcus or sowing a smear from the throat. A lab test can detect a bacterial infection. A test will not show a viral infection, but a negative bacteria test will indicate it.

Bacterial tonsillitis

In some cases, physical data are sufficient to diagnose a probable bacterial infection. In these cases, antibiotics can be prescribed without a streptococcus test.

If tests reveal bacteria, the treatment will consist of antibiotics. Antibiotics can be administered once or within 10 days. Although the symptoms are likely to disappear within two or three days after you start taking the antibiotics, it’s important to take all the medications your doctor has prescribed so that all the bacteria disappear. Some people need a second course of antibiotics to cure the infection.

Viral sore throat

If tonsillitis is caused by a virus, antibiotics will not help: your body will cope with the infection.

There are things you can do to feel better, regardless of the cause of a sore throat. These include:

Full rest

Drink warm or very cold fluids to relieve sore throat

Eat smooth foods like flavored gelatin, ice cream, or applesauce

Use a bedroom humidifier

Gargle with salt water

Suck lozenges containing benzocaine or other anesthetics

Take over-the-counter painkillers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen

How to treat tonsillitis with home remedies

Usually, tonsillitis symptoms go away quickly. Sore throat caused by viruses usually disappears after 7-10 days if the patient is resting and drinking a lot of water. Bacterial tonsillitis / tonsillitis can last about a week, although many begin to feel better about a day after taking antibiotics.

There are a number of home remedies that can effectively treat or reduce the symptoms of a sore throat.

Gargle with salt water

Gargling with warm salt water can help with sore throat and relieve pain, reduce inflammation and even treat infections. Add about ½ teaspoon of salt to 120 ml of warm water. Stir until the salt has dissolved. Gargle and mouth for a few seconds, and then spit out water. You can then rinse your throat with plain water.

Licorice candy

Some lozenges contain ingredients with natural anti-inflammatory properties or ingredients that can relieve pain on their own. Licorice-containing candies can have a strong anti-inflammatory effect, relieving discomfort and swelling in the tonsils and throat.

Lollipops should not be given to young children because of the risk of suffocation. Use throat sprays instead. If you are not sure, call your pediatrician.

Warm tea with raw honey

Warm drinks, such as tea, can reduce discomfort. Natural raw honey, often added to tea, has strong antibacterial properties and can help treat infections that cause tonsillitis. Drink tea warm rather than hot, and add honey until completely dissolved.

Some teas can enhance the benefits of this home remedy. Ginger tea, for example, is a powerful anti-inflammatory agent, like fennel tea, which can reduce inflammation and discomfort.

Fruit icecream

Cold can be very effective in treating the pain, inflammation, and swelling that often accompany tonsillitis. Popsicles, frozen drinks such as ICEE can be especially helpful for young children who cannot use other home remedies safely. Older children and adults can also suck on ice chips.

Humidifiers

Humidifiers can relieve sore throats if the air in your room is dry or your mouth is dry as a result of a sore throat. If the sore throat is caused by a virus, it is most useful to use a humidifier with the principle of cold evaporation. Dry air can irritate the throat and increase discomfort.

Turn on the humidifier as needed, especially during sleep at night until the sore throat disappears. If you do not have a humidifier, experts advise sitting in a bathroom filled with steam from the shower. It can also quickly reduce symptoms.

If you are on medication or on home remedies, drink plenty of fluids and rest to help your body recover.

Prevention

To avoid transmission, it is recommended to avoid close contact with people with tonsillitis. Children and other family members should be protected as much as possible. It is necessary to observe safety measures and pay special attention to hygiene:

Regular and thorough washing of hands (it is also important to wipe them dry)

Use of tissue during coughing and sneezing (discard after use)

Do not share food, liquids, cutlery, or glasses

Frequent cleaning of surfaces (especially in the kitchen and in the bathroom)

When to remove tonsils with tonsillitis

Tonsils are an important part of the immune system throughout life, so it is best to avoid removing them. However, if tonsillitis is relapsing or persistent, or if enlarged tonsils cause obstruction of the upper respiratory tract or make eating difficult, surgical removal of the tonsils, called tonsillectomy, may be necessary.

An operation can also be prescribed if the patient has a bacterial infection, but his body does not respond to antibacterial drugs, or the patient is allergic to antibiotics.

In most cases, surgeons use a common scalpel to remove tonsils; however, there are many alternatives to this traditional method. Doctors are increasingly using methods such as lasers, radio waves, ultrasonic energy, or electrocoagulation. As with all operations, each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages. When considering the procedure, it is important to discuss all options with the surgeon in order to choose the most suitable one.

The operation carries some risks, including bleeding during and after surgery in some people. Sore throat and difficulty eating are common in the first few days after surgery. A full recovery usually takes two to three weeks.